Benign new growths of eye, orbit, and adnexa (excluding skin). A new growth is the development or increase in size of a tissue. A benign growth is nonmalignant and not recurrent. Adnexa may be described as the accessory parts of a structure. Some benign intraocular or adnexal tumors include: angiomas, hamartomas, nevi, and mixed tumors of the lacrimal gland.

Some tumors have a congenital origin; are associated with other diseases; originate from unknown causes; or result from exposure to radiation, chemicals, viruses, physical agents, or ultraviolet light.

Retinal hemangiomas are visualized as pink or red and are usually supplied by large vessels. Bleeding or exudation from the tumor blood vessels affects vision. Astrocytic hamartomas are translucent and may enlarge and calcify with age. Nevi are flat lesions that may be on the iris or choroid and are difficult to distinguish from melanoma. A tumor of the lacrimal gland may produce swelling, inflammation, and obstruction of the lacrimal duct with an overflow of tears.

Ophthalmoscopy, direct and indirect, usually show retinal deformities. Ultrasonography may be performed, as well fundus photographs, tests of visual fields and visual acuity, and slit lamp examination.

Photocoagulation, diathermy, and cryotherapy are usually used to treat retinal lesions. Secondary glaucoma with severe, intractable pain, may need to be treated with an enucleation.

Secondary retinal detachment, secondary glaucoma, and degenerative changes in the retinal pigment may occur following choroidal hemangioma.

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